|
Like
most poor women in African nations,
Maasai
women are destined to live a life with limited choices.
More
than eighty percent of Maasai women will never have a single
day of formal education. They will never learn to read or
write or speak a language other than their native Maa. Not
one in ten will reach the eighth grade. All but the most defiant
will be circumcised at the age of twelve or thirteen and soon
afterwards married to a man chosen by her father. A Maasai
woman will never be allowed to divorce, except in the most
egregious cases of physical abuse, and will never be allowed
to marry again, even if the husband her father chooses is
an old man who dies when she is still in her teens. She will
be one of her husband's multiple wives, and will have many
children, regardless of her health or ability to provide for
them. She will rise early every day to milk cows, and spend
her days walking miles to water holes to launder clothes and
get water, and to gather wood to carry back home. If she is
lucky, she will have a donkey to share her burden. She will
live life with few physical comforts, dependent on a husband
and a family she did not choose.
One of the poorest tribes
in East Africa, the Maasai are a noble and dignified people
who, despite the pressures of the modern world, have proudly
maintained their traditional lifestyle and cultural identity.
They live a nomadic lifestyle raising cattle and goats, wearing
traditional clothes, and living in small villages called manyatas,
which are circular arrangements of mud huts. In the process
of preserving their culture, however, the Maasai have embraced
a system where the cultural pressures against women's education
are nothing short of overwhelming.
Maasai girls are far less
likely than their male counterparts to enroll in school and
even fewer will reach the secondary level. When economically
feasible, boys are allowed to remain in school, while a vast
majority of girls are forced to drop out and marry against
their wishes between the ages of 13 and 15.
|